Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce the required amount of insulin or the body itself cannot use the insulin it produces effectively. The result is an increase in blood glucose levels. There are many cases that lead to premature death due to its complications in the vessels and kidneys, such as stroke, chronic renal failure, diabetic foot, blindness.
Adult diabetes, as it is also called,
- accounts for about 90% of diabetic patients worldwide
- has an inherited predisposition and
- is triggered when obesity coexists
causing:
- insulin resistance and insufficiency,
- exhibits comorbidity with cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemias (high triglycerides, high LDL, low HDL, high total cholesterol) and hypertension and / or metabolic syndrome which is a combination of the above.
Initially, patients experience symptoms of polyuria and thirst, gain weight, show slow wound healing, fatigue, blurred vision, a strong desire for sweets, and when they skip meals, they report symptoms of dizziness, sweating, trembling and confusion.
- It is important to note that with weight loss, the disease is reversible, with discontinuation of medication when BMI reaches normal levels.
Insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes is type 1 diabetes mellitus that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting β-pancreatic cells, resulting in decreased insulin leading to increased blood and urine glucose. As its name suggests, if patients are not given insulin lifelong, it is fatal, unless a pancreas transplant is performed.